jueves, 29 de noviembre de 2012
Basic Level 2
Dear Students, In this blog you will find extra resouces to practise your English. To begin with, you can visit the following link where you can practice reading comprehension:
HERE
martes, 3 de abril de 2012
viernes, 9 de marzo de 2012
Las células madre ayudan a lograr trasplantes sin rechazo
Las células madre ayudan a lograr trasplantes sin rechazo:
El rechazo es uno de los grandes problemas con los trasplantes. Pero el uso de células madre puede solucionar este problema. Se trata de que el donante no solo dé el órgano, sino que facilite el material para regenerar el sistema inmunitario del receptor, de manera que ambos sean compatibles. El experimento se ha realizado con ocho personas, y lo ha publicado Science Translational Medicine.
De los ocho voluntarios que recibieron un riñón, cinco se mantuvieron sin tomar medicación inmunosupresora un año después. De los otros tres, uno sufrió una infección viral y en los otros dos el nuevo sistema inmunitario no se asentó. A los que funcionó los autores del trabajo, investigadores de la Universidad de Louisville, los llaman quimeras ya que generan células de dos orígenes genéticos.
La peculiaridad del ensayo es la reconstrucción del sistema inmunitario del receptor a partir de células madre de médula del donante. El proceso es similar al que se utiliza con algunas leucemias, en las que a la persona se la irradia para destruirle el sistema hematopoyétco (generador de células sanguíneas) y luego este se reconstituye a partir de un trasplante, bien del propio paciente bien de un donante. Solo que esta vez se ha ido un paso más allá, y se ha aprovechado para facilitar trasplantes.
Claro que el sistema, si solo hubiera sido así, habría creado el efecto contrario: que el nuevo sistema inmunitario rechace todos los demás órganos. Para ello se manipulan las células madre y se le quitan las características específicas, y se consigue que se constituya una especie de sistema universal (parecido al O- en los donantes de sangre), que sea compatible con los marcadores de los dos orígenes. Y ese tratamiento despierta dudas, ya que el procedimiento que parece que ha funcionado no está claro.
Por eso, entre otras cosas, el hallazgo no está exento de polémica. En Nature, David Sachs, director del Transplantation Biology Research Center del hospital General de Massachusetts se pregunta durante cuánto tiempo dejará de haber rechazo. “Esperamos que sea verdad, pero es un poco pronto para afirmar” que se ha conseguido, afirma.
El rechazo es uno de los grandes problemas con los trasplantes. Pero el uso de células madre puede solucionar este problema. Se trata de que el donante no solo dé el órgano, sino que facilite el material para regenerar el sistema inmunitario del receptor, de manera que ambos sean compatibles. El experimento se ha realizado con ocho personas, y lo ha publicado Science Translational Medicine.
De los ocho voluntarios que recibieron un riñón, cinco se mantuvieron sin tomar medicación inmunosupresora un año después. De los otros tres, uno sufrió una infección viral y en los otros dos el nuevo sistema inmunitario no se asentó. A los que funcionó los autores del trabajo, investigadores de la Universidad de Louisville, los llaman quimeras ya que generan células de dos orígenes genéticos.
La peculiaridad del ensayo es la reconstrucción del sistema inmunitario del receptor a partir de células madre de médula del donante. El proceso es similar al que se utiliza con algunas leucemias, en las que a la persona se la irradia para destruirle el sistema hematopoyétco (generador de células sanguíneas) y luego este se reconstituye a partir de un trasplante, bien del propio paciente bien de un donante. Solo que esta vez se ha ido un paso más allá, y se ha aprovechado para facilitar trasplantes.
Claro que el sistema, si solo hubiera sido así, habría creado el efecto contrario: que el nuevo sistema inmunitario rechace todos los demás órganos. Para ello se manipulan las células madre y se le quitan las características específicas, y se consigue que se constituya una especie de sistema universal (parecido al O- en los donantes de sangre), que sea compatible con los marcadores de los dos orígenes. Y ese tratamiento despierta dudas, ya que el procedimiento que parece que ha funcionado no está claro.
Por eso, entre otras cosas, el hallazgo no está exento de polémica. En Nature, David Sachs, director del Transplantation Biology Research Center del hospital General de Massachusetts se pregunta durante cuánto tiempo dejará de haber rechazo. “Esperamos que sea verdad, pero es un poco pronto para afirmar” que se ha conseguido, afirma.
Sports Briefing | Olympics: Marathon Cup on the Block
Sports Briefing | Olympics: Marathon Cup on the Block: A silver cup awarded to the Greek runner who won the first Olympic marathon in 1896 will be sold at a London auction in April.
Robert Sullivan: J&R Jr.’s grand opening.
Robert Sullivan: J&R Jr.’s grand opening.: Given that the area surrounding City Hall has the highest birth rate of any neighborhood in Manhattan, adding a kids’ store to the strip of Park Row occupied by J&R Music and Computer World would seem to be a no-brainer, like wearable speakers for expectant mothers . . . (Subscription required.)
Peter Schjeldahl: Sweet and Unusual
Peter Schjeldahl: Sweet and Unusual: Peter Schjeldahl on the 2012 Whitney Biennial.
Leveson inquiry: Scotland Yard PR chief Dick Fedorcio to appear next week
Leveson inquiry: Scotland Yard PR chief Dick Fedorcio to appear next week:
Next witnesses also include crime reporters, HMIC head Sir Denis O'Connor and Assistant Commissioner Cressida Dick
The head of Scotland Yard's communications department, Dick Fedorcio, is to appear at the Leveson inquiry next week along with half a dozen crime reporters from national newspapers.
He will appear at the inquiry on Tuesday and is expected to be asked about his relationship with senior staff at the News of the World and the circumstances in which the paper's former deputy editor Neil Wallis landed a two day a week consultancy contract with the Metropolitan Police PR department worth £24,000 a year.
Fedorcio has been on extended leave pending the results of an inquiry by the Independent Police Complaints Commission into the Wallis consultancy arrangement. Wallis, who was covering for Fedorcio's number two, was arrested last July over alleged phone hacking at the now defunct tabloid.
Last week, it emerged that Dick Fedorcio enjoyed a close relationship with Wallis and had several dinner meetings with him and other senior officers between 2006 and 2010. Some of these were described as private arrangements made with the former assistant commissioner John Yates.
Fedorcio is also expected to be asked about the press strategy he devised for the Met during his tenure at the Yard and whether he encouraged officers to engage in off-the-record briefings.
Over the past week at Leveson it has emerged that there were serious divisions at senior level at the Met over the issue of socialising with journalists. Some senior officers, such as Yates, believed it was a good relationship-building exercise, while others were critical of the practice.
Two days of next week will be taken up with the testimony of journalists who are at the frontline of crime reporting including crime editors and correspondents from the Guardian, the Times, the Independent and the Sunday Times.
The most closely scrutinised will be Mike Sullivan from the Sun, who is due to appear on Thursday. Sullivan has separately been arrested as part of the Met's ongoing Operation Elveden probe into the alleged bribery of public officials by journalists at News International.
Jeff Edwards, chairman of the Crime Reporters' Association, who has covered crime for more than 40 years included a long stint at the Daily Mirror, will appear on Wednesday as will Sandra Laville of the Guardian, Paul Peachey of the Independent and Jonathan Ungoed-Thomas of the Sunday Times. Stephen Wright from the Daily Mail will give evidence on Thursday.
Also on next week is Sir Denis O'Connor, Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Constabulary, who is scheduled to appear on Monday along with Met police officer Cressida Dick, who was appointed assistant commissioner (specialist operations) following the resignation of John Yates.
• To contact the MediaGuardian news desk email editor@mediaguardian.co.uk or phone 020 3353 3857. For all other inquiries please call the main Guardian switchboard on 020 3353 2000. If you are writing a comment for publication, please mark clearly "for publication".
• To get the latest media news to your desktop or mobile, follow MediaGuardian on Twitter and Facebook
The head of Scotland Yard's communications department, Dick Fedorcio, is to appear at the Leveson inquiry next week along with half a dozen crime reporters from national newspapers.
He will appear at the inquiry on Tuesday and is expected to be asked about his relationship with senior staff at the News of the World and the circumstances in which the paper's former deputy editor Neil Wallis landed a two day a week consultancy contract with the Metropolitan Police PR department worth £24,000 a year.
Fedorcio has been on extended leave pending the results of an inquiry by the Independent Police Complaints Commission into the Wallis consultancy arrangement. Wallis, who was covering for Fedorcio's number two, was arrested last July over alleged phone hacking at the now defunct tabloid.
Last week, it emerged that Dick Fedorcio enjoyed a close relationship with Wallis and had several dinner meetings with him and other senior officers between 2006 and 2010. Some of these were described as private arrangements made with the former assistant commissioner John Yates.
Fedorcio is also expected to be asked about the press strategy he devised for the Met during his tenure at the Yard and whether he encouraged officers to engage in off-the-record briefings.
Over the past week at Leveson it has emerged that there were serious divisions at senior level at the Met over the issue of socialising with journalists. Some senior officers, such as Yates, believed it was a good relationship-building exercise, while others were critical of the practice.
Two days of next week will be taken up with the testimony of journalists who are at the frontline of crime reporting including crime editors and correspondents from the Guardian, the Times, the Independent and the Sunday Times.
The most closely scrutinised will be Mike Sullivan from the Sun, who is due to appear on Thursday. Sullivan has separately been arrested as part of the Met's ongoing Operation Elveden probe into the alleged bribery of public officials by journalists at News International.
Jeff Edwards, chairman of the Crime Reporters' Association, who has covered crime for more than 40 years included a long stint at the Daily Mirror, will appear on Wednesday as will Sandra Laville of the Guardian, Paul Peachey of the Independent and Jonathan Ungoed-Thomas of the Sunday Times. Stephen Wright from the Daily Mail will give evidence on Thursday.
Also on next week is Sir Denis O'Connor, Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Constabulary, who is scheduled to appear on Monday along with Met police officer Cressida Dick, who was appointed assistant commissioner (specialist operations) following the resignation of John Yates.
• To contact the MediaGuardian news desk email editor@mediaguardian.co.uk or phone 020 3353 3857. For all other inquiries please call the main Guardian switchboard on 020 3353 2000. If you are writing a comment for publication, please mark clearly "for publication".
• To get the latest media news to your desktop or mobile, follow MediaGuardian on Twitter and Facebook
guardian.co.uk © 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
Concurso de traslados: relación definitiva de participantes
Concurso de traslados: relación definitiva de participantes:
Listados definitivos de participantes en los concursos de traslados autonómico:
- Maestros
- Secundaria y otros cuerpos
- Inspectores.
Actualizado a 01.03.2012
Listados definitivos de participantes en los concursos de traslados autonómico:- Maestros
- Secundaria y otros cuerpos
- Inspectores.
Actualizado a 01.03.2012
Manifestaciones por todo el país contra la reforma laboral
Manifestaciones por todo el país contra la reforma laboral:
CCOO y UGT convocan para este domingo 60 manifestaciones por toda la geografía nacional contra la reforma laboral: injusta con los trabajadores y las trabajadoras, inútil para el empleo e ineficaz para la economía y para defender los servicios públicos.
CCOO y UGT convocan para este domingo 60 manifestaciones por toda la geografía nacional contra la reforma laboral: injusta con los trabajadores y las trabajadoras, inútil para el empleo e ineficaz para la economía y para defender los servicios públicos.Brazil election goes to second round
Brazil election goes to second round:
Presidential candidates face runoff after Green surge scuppers outright win for Dilma Rousseff, Lula's pick as successor
A late surge by the Green party candidate has forced Brazil's presidential election into a second round, with Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's favoured successor narrowly failing to become the nation's first female leader.
Exit polls had suggested Dilma Rousseff, a former leftwing rebel, might still scrape a narrow first-round victory despite falling away in the polls in recent weeks. But the Workers' party (PT) candidate fell short of the 50% needed, taking 47% of the vote.
The Greens' Marina Silva, a former rubber-tapper and staunch defender of the Amazon rainforest, got 19%, while Rousseff's main rival, José Serra, the Social Democrat, took nearly 33%. Rousseff will face Serra in the second round on 31 October.
Silva, who quit as Lula's environment minister after reputedly falling out with Rousseff, will not dispute the second round. But her higher than expected result stripped vital support from Lula's candidate and transformed her into a potential king or queen-maker in the second round.
Speaking after the result a visibly ecstatic Silva said the country now had a "second chance to debate Brazil's future, present and past".
"These results are the worst imaginable for the government," Merval Pereira, a respected political columnist, told TV Globo, pointing to a PT defeat in the race for governor of São Paulo as well as Rousseff's failure to achieve an outright win. "Dilma's vote was far below what the polls predicted."
Flanked by stony-faced allies, a noticeably subdued Rousseff tried to put on a brave face claiming a second round would give her "more time" to detail her proposals.
"We are used to challenges and traditionally we have done very well in second rounds," she said. "This second stage will start tomorrow … and for me it has been very important to have got this far."
While Rousseff, Lula's former chief of staff, has the endorsement of Brazil's hugely popular leftwing leader and remains the favourite, she lacks her mentor's charisma. Some voters remain unsure of her name, referring to the presidential frontrunner simply as "Lula's woman". One voter in Rio de Janeiro told the Guardian this week he planned to vote for Lula's candidate, "Telma".
Political analysts are divided on which candidate Marina Silva might support in the second round – if she supports anyone at all. One recent poll suggested a significant number of her voters could shift their support to Jose Serra rather than Rousseff in the runoff.
In the run up to the campaign Serra reportedly attempted to convince Silva to stand as his vice-presidential candidate but his approaches were rejected. Analysts suggest he may now repeat his offer or look to Fernando Gabeira, another prominent Green party member who has lost out in the race to become Rio de Janeiro's governor.
A late surge by the Green party candidate has forced Brazil's presidential election into a second round, with Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's favoured successor narrowly failing to become the nation's first female leader.
Exit polls had suggested Dilma Rousseff, a former leftwing rebel, might still scrape a narrow first-round victory despite falling away in the polls in recent weeks. But the Workers' party (PT) candidate fell short of the 50% needed, taking 47% of the vote.
The Greens' Marina Silva, a former rubber-tapper and staunch defender of the Amazon rainforest, got 19%, while Rousseff's main rival, José Serra, the Social Democrat, took nearly 33%. Rousseff will face Serra in the second round on 31 October.
Silva, who quit as Lula's environment minister after reputedly falling out with Rousseff, will not dispute the second round. But her higher than expected result stripped vital support from Lula's candidate and transformed her into a potential king or queen-maker in the second round.
Speaking after the result a visibly ecstatic Silva said the country now had a "second chance to debate Brazil's future, present and past".
"These results are the worst imaginable for the government," Merval Pereira, a respected political columnist, told TV Globo, pointing to a PT defeat in the race for governor of São Paulo as well as Rousseff's failure to achieve an outright win. "Dilma's vote was far below what the polls predicted."
Flanked by stony-faced allies, a noticeably subdued Rousseff tried to put on a brave face claiming a second round would give her "more time" to detail her proposals.
"We are used to challenges and traditionally we have done very well in second rounds," she said. "This second stage will start tomorrow … and for me it has been very important to have got this far."
While Rousseff, Lula's former chief of staff, has the endorsement of Brazil's hugely popular leftwing leader and remains the favourite, she lacks her mentor's charisma. Some voters remain unsure of her name, referring to the presidential frontrunner simply as "Lula's woman". One voter in Rio de Janeiro told the Guardian this week he planned to vote for Lula's candidate, "Telma".
Political analysts are divided on which candidate Marina Silva might support in the second round – if she supports anyone at all. One recent poll suggested a significant number of her voters could shift their support to Jose Serra rather than Rousseff in the runoff.
In the run up to the campaign Serra reportedly attempted to convince Silva to stand as his vice-presidential candidate but his approaches were rejected. Analysts suggest he may now repeat his offer or look to Fernando Gabeira, another prominent Green party member who has lost out in the race to become Rio de Janeiro's governor.
guardian.co.uk © Guardian News & Media Limited 2010 | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds
Concurso Día de Castilla y León en Clase 2012
Concurso Día de Castilla y León en Clase 2012:
Concurso Día de Castilla y León en Clase 2012
El plazo de presentación de trabajos finaliza el 30 de marzo de 2012.
martes, 6 de marzo de 2012
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